株式会社 DEEP SMARTS
What is the Japanese tea ceremony ?
It is said that tea was introduced to Japan from China during the Heian period (794-1185). While drinking tea culture has been appreciated by nobles and monks, tea is consumed less as a casual drink and more in the manner of a drug, because of the stimulant effects of caffeine. After Zen monks brought the culture of tea from China to Japan during the Kamakura period (1185-1333), the tradition of tea drinking spread to samurai, members of the military class, as well.
From the second half of the Muromachi period (1336-1573), a combination of tea-tasting called tocha has become a popular sport game among the samurai, who were known for the flamboyant behavior. Participants will try to guess the brand of tea they were served while engaging in other frivolities, like collaborative poetry ( renga) in clubhouses or Kaisho . While the clubhouses are not used exclusively for that purpose, they were nevertheless the first Japanese tea rooms.
Later, a tearoom ( shoin not cha ) tradition began with the development of traditional residential architecture ( shoin-zukuri ). But from the late 15th century, and Murata Jukō Takeno Jōō introduced a new style tea ceremony known as wabi-cha . This thatched hut "or style" rustic "tea sought to create a" mountain hut in the city "that offered a taste of the rural population in an urban space.
He was the wabi-cha tradition Rikyu perfected in the second half of the 16th century, to strengthen the development of this Japanese art. Small buildings and spaces that come to mind when the Japanese hear the word 'teahouse' come directly from the tearooms Rikyū thatched roof.
It is said that tea was introduced to Japan from China during the Heian period (794-1185). While drinking tea culture has been appreciated by nobles and monks, tea is consumed less as a casual drink and more in the manner of a drug, because of the stimulant effects of caffeine. After Zen monks brought the culture of tea from China to Japan during the Kamakura period (1185-1333), the tradition of tea drinking spread to samurai, members of the military class, as well.
From the second half of the Muromachi period (1336-1573), a combination of tea-tasting called tocha has become a popular sport game among the samurai, who were known for the flamboyant behavior. Participants will try to guess the brand of tea they were served while engaging in other frivolities, like collaborative poetry ( renga) in clubhouses or Kaisho . While the clubhouses are not used exclusively for that purpose, they were nevertheless the first Japanese tea rooms.
Later, a tearoom ( shoin not cha ) tradition began with the development of traditional residential architecture ( shoin-zukuri ). But from the late 15th century, and Murata Jukō Takeno Jōō introduced a new style tea ceremony known as wabi-cha . This thatched hut "or style" rustic "tea sought to create a" mountain hut in the city "that offered a taste of the rural population in an urban space.
He was the wabi-cha tradition Rikyu perfected in the second half of the 16th century, to strengthen the development of this Japanese art. Small buildings and spaces that come to mind when the Japanese hear the word 'teahouse' come directly from the tearooms Rikyū thatched roof.
岩崎 建築 研究室
Requirements chashitsu
The tea room is a space designed specifically to facilitate tea gatherings. However, as Masao Nakamura - the foremost expert on chashitsu - wrote: "Mere possession of necessities for a tea ceremony is not enough to make a tea room. In addition to meeting the functional requirements of the ceremony, the space must also evoke the proper atmosphere of the tea ceremony. "( An image of Japanese History Tearooms Tankosha 1998). The tea ceremony has evolved rooted in Japanese sensitivities concerning nature; therefore, teahouses are spaces that reflect those feelings.
The basic components of a traditional teahouse
· Garden Teahouse ( roji )
In front of the house traditional tea is a garden called roji. Guests traverse a path of stepping stones, admiring the plants and trees, before washing hands in a stone basin to enter the teahouse building.
Going through this natural area outside of the building offers a pleasant way to approach the space of another world which is the tea room. The host of the tea collection uses a different entry, called sadōguchi .
The tea room is a space designed specifically to facilitate tea gatherings. However, as Masao Nakamura - the foremost expert on chashitsu - wrote: "Mere possession of necessities for a tea ceremony is not enough to make a tea room. In addition to meeting the functional requirements of the ceremony, the space must also evoke the proper atmosphere of the tea ceremony. "( An image of Japanese History Tearooms Tankosha 1998). The tea ceremony has evolved rooted in Japanese sensitivities concerning nature; therefore, teahouses are spaces that reflect those feelings.
The basic components of a traditional teahouse
· Garden Teahouse ( roji )
In front of the house traditional tea is a garden called roji. Guests traverse a path of stepping stones, admiring the plants and trees, before washing hands in a stone basin to enter the teahouse building.
Going through this natural area outside of the building offers a pleasant way to approach the space of another world which is the tea room. The host of the tea collection uses a different entry, called sadōguchi .
岩崎 建築 研究室
· entry Teahouse ( nijiriguchi )
one of the main features of hut thatched tea house begun by Rikyū is the guest entrance, or nijiriguchi . The square door is so weak and small customers can not move through it without bending down and curl up as they crawl through. (See wooden sliding door in the center of this image.) The host has a full-size entry.
Although there are various stories surrounding the origin of nijiriguchi , it is believed that as the small door even force a great general to leave his sword in door to get through, space is inside detached from reality. Customers are moving beyond their social status and interact as equals. It is also said that the entry through such a small door makes the teahouse space feels bigger.
one of the main features of hut thatched tea house begun by Rikyū is the guest entrance, or nijiriguchi . The square door is so weak and small customers can not move through it without bending down and curl up as they crawl through. (See wooden sliding door in the center of this image.) The host has a full-size entry.
Although there are various stories surrounding the origin of nijiriguchi , it is believed that as the small door even force a great general to leave his sword in door to get through, space is inside detached from reality. Customers are moving beyond their social status and interact as equals. It is also said that the entry through such a small door makes the teahouse space feels bigger.
岩崎 建築 研究室
· chashitsu floor height
The standard size for a chashitsu is 8.2 square meters (4.5 tatami, or 4.5 jō). (Japanese Rooms are usually measured in the number of tatami mats that cover the floor. tatami size varies by region, and ranges from 1.5 to 1.9 square meters. The tatami traditionally used in the Kyoto area is used for chashitsu throughout Japan. It is 1.82 square meters, or 1.91mx 0.955m.)
small parlors tea are called koma , and larger rooms are called hiroma . This room is Nijō nakaita-koma (two mats and a stove hole). Even this little tea room can hold a rally of tea for three people and a host.
· Stove ( ro )
From November to April, a stove installed in the tea room of the floor by cutting a piece of the tatami is used to boil water. From May to October, the stove is covered with tatami at the back, and a portable stove called furo , is used instead.
· Alcove (toko)
This is a corner or alcove in the tea room decorated with scrolls and hanging flowers. When customers enter a teahouse, they proceed first to the alcove to admire the decor. Toko are composed of an alcove position ( tokobashira ), a lower cabin trim ( tokogamachi ), companion after alcove ( aitebashira ) and upper alcove lining ( otoshigake) . It is not uncommon to spend years collecting coins with the right story and character based on these areas.
The alcove wall plaster and sometimes a window ( shitajimado ) which indicates the walls of the network frame can be opened on one of the side walls. The cabin floor can be paneled wood or tatami.
· Laundry room ( mizuya )
This is where the host cleans the utensils and made preparations for a meeting of tea.
The standard size for a chashitsu is 8.2 square meters (4.5 tatami, or 4.5 jō). (Japanese Rooms are usually measured in the number of tatami mats that cover the floor. tatami size varies by region, and ranges from 1.5 to 1.9 square meters. The tatami traditionally used in the Kyoto area is used for chashitsu throughout Japan. It is 1.82 square meters, or 1.91mx 0.955m.)
small parlors tea are called koma , and larger rooms are called hiroma . This room is Nijō nakaita-koma (two mats and a stove hole). Even this little tea room can hold a rally of tea for three people and a host.
· Stove ( ro )
From November to April, a stove installed in the tea room of the floor by cutting a piece of the tatami is used to boil water. From May to October, the stove is covered with tatami at the back, and a portable stove called furo , is used instead.
· Alcove (toko)
This is a corner or alcove in the tea room decorated with scrolls and hanging flowers. When customers enter a teahouse, they proceed first to the alcove to admire the decor. Toko are composed of an alcove position ( tokobashira ), a lower cabin trim ( tokogamachi ), companion after alcove ( aitebashira ) and upper alcove lining ( otoshigake) . It is not uncommon to spend years collecting coins with the right story and character based on these areas.
The alcove wall plaster and sometimes a window ( shitajimado ) which indicates the walls of the network frame can be opened on one of the side walls. The cabin floor can be paneled wood or tatami.
· Laundry room ( mizuya )
This is where the host cleans the utensils and made preparations for a meeting of tea.
鞍 城 建設
To construct a tea house or tea room must be obtained using a variety of skilled workers, including carpenters, thatcher, a plasterer, a craftsman fittings ( tategushi ), a manufacturer of tatami and a gardener.
Architect Yasushi Iwasaki Iwasaki Laboratory of Architecture, which produces a large number of residential tearooms, said: "The chashitsu is really the product of all Japanese traditional crafts combined. Rather than calling a work of architecture, it may as well be called the largest tea utensils. 'Iwasaki designed the tearooms in the last three images above.
In explaining its tea room designs, Iwasaki said, "Many of my clients who appreciate the tea ceremony decided they were interested in holding their own rallies of tea, but there has been also some people who were interested in having their own teahouse because they wanted to learn the tea ceremony. "Tea gatherings include a traditional meal ( kaiseki ), thick tea ( koicha ) and thin tea ( usucha ) .
Order 10 ways to prepare your home for spring
Architect Yasushi Iwasaki Iwasaki Laboratory of Architecture, which produces a large number of residential tearooms, said: "The chashitsu is really the product of all Japanese traditional crafts combined. Rather than calling a work of architecture, it may as well be called the largest tea utensils. 'Iwasaki designed the tearooms in the last three images above.
In explaining its tea room designs, Iwasaki said, "Many of my clients who appreciate the tea ceremony decided they were interested in holding their own rallies of tea, but there has been also some people who were interested in having their own teahouse because they wanted to learn the tea ceremony. "Tea gatherings include a traditional meal ( kaiseki ), thick tea ( koicha ) and thin tea ( usucha ) .
Order 10 ways to prepare your home for spring
atelier137 architectural design Bureau
[1945013traditional] chashitsu in buildings
in modern Japanese cities, many people do not live in independent houses but in. Tearooms housing complexes are sometimes created in them, too. One example is the Tokyo teahouse designed by Hiroyuki Suzuki Atelier 137, which has realized the dream of the wife of his client, who studied the tea ceremony school Urasenke for 30 years.
Installing a tea room in a housing complex is not a simple task. To cut the hole for the stove and observe fire safety regulations, there must be sufficient space under the floor. The laundry room must have a water supply and drainage, but because the apartment buildings have a predetermined pipe shaft system, there is little flexibility.
To fight against such problems in this apartment, the tearoom area was raised about 41cm above the rest of the living area.
in modern Japanese cities, many people do not live in independent houses but in. Tearooms housing complexes are sometimes created in them, too. One example is the Tokyo teahouse designed by Hiroyuki Suzuki Atelier 137, which has realized the dream of the wife of his client, who studied the tea ceremony school Urasenke for 30 years.
Installing a tea room in a housing complex is not a simple task. To cut the hole for the stove and observe fire safety regulations, there must be sufficient space under the floor. The laundry room must have a water supply and drainage, but because the apartment buildings have a predetermined pipe shaft system, there is little flexibility.
To fight against such problems in this apartment, the tearoom area was raised about 41cm above the rest of the living area.
atelier137 architectural design Bureau
architectural atelier137 design Bureau
This is the kind of beautiful space that emerges only from the hands of skilled craftsmen. The plasterer worked with diatomaceous earth-based plaster and the mower used dark blue trim paper ( Minato-gami ) to the woodwork. The materials of the decorative alcove ( tokonoma ) are cedar for the position of alcove and thatching sedge for floors and shelves.
The floor of the mizuya has a bamboo dish rack that allows water to flow freely. In anticipation of splashes, dark blue trim was traded against the edge of the pillar planking. The valve, draining rack and shelves are all in agreement with Urasenke school sensibilities.
'Because mizuya is where the washing machine used to be, we have set up a water supply and drainage system, without problems, "says Suzuki
tea and Tearooms today. The successors of Innovative Spirit Rikyū
traditional teahouses far we've only covered and tearooms, but as long as the basic conditions are met - that "the necessities for the tea ceremony are provided and the atmosphere of the tea ceremony is reached, "as Nakamura said, it is natural that chashitsu may as well be contemporary designs.
The floor of the mizuya has a bamboo dish rack that allows water to flow freely. In anticipation of splashes, dark blue trim was traded against the edge of the pillar planking. The valve, draining rack and shelves are all in agreement with Urasenke school sensibilities.
'Because mizuya is where the washing machine used to be, we have set up a water supply and drainage system, without problems, "says Suzuki
tea and Tearooms today. The successors of Innovative Spirit Rikyū
traditional teahouses far we've only covered and tearooms, but as long as the basic conditions are met - that "the necessities for the tea ceremony are provided and the atmosphere of the tea ceremony is reached, "as Nakamura said, it is natural that chashitsu may as well be contemporary designs.
横河 設計 工房 KEN YOKOGAWA ARCHITECT & ASSOCIATES INC.
a chashitsu in a polyhedron
The Hironaka House, designed by architect Ken Yokogawa is a building with a new form, appearing on the road as polyhedron covered with aluminum out from behind a wall panels. Passersby can not even recognize it as a private residence. However, the site is located on a slope, and behind the wall - which acts as a retaining wall - is a comfortable living area and open on the ground floor.
The first floor - which is the polyhedron of the building - operates as a dedicated studio and herbal tea for the owner, a busy lawyer who also devoted himself to painting and the tea ceremony. In other words, the ground floor is a daily space, and the first floor is a space of another world.
The Hironaka House, designed by architect Ken Yokogawa is a building with a new form, appearing on the road as polyhedron covered with aluminum out from behind a wall panels. Passersby can not even recognize it as a private residence. However, the site is located on a slope, and behind the wall - which acts as a retaining wall - is a comfortable living area and open on the ground floor.
The first floor - which is the polyhedron of the building - operates as a dedicated studio and herbal tea for the owner, a busy lawyer who also devoted himself to painting and the tea ceremony. In other words, the ground floor is a daily space, and the first floor is a space of another world.
横河 設計 工房 KEN YOKOGAWA ARCHITECT & ASSOCIATES INC.
studio and herbal tea can be reached climbing the outside staircase next to the living room. The process of crossing the grassy space - like a roji -. Acts as a transport between the ordinary world from the ground floor to the first floor of otherworldliness
Opposite the entrance of the polyhedron, the studio is on the left side, while the entrance to the invited to the tea room is on the right.
Opposite the entrance of the polyhedron, the studio is on the left side, while the entrance to the invited to the tea room is on the right.
横河 設計 工房 KEN YOKOGAWA ARCHITECT & ASSOCIATES INC.
The size of this tea room 8.2 m² ( 4.5 jō) . The tea room is a space that the shadow price, but the studio built in the same frame as the tea room requires good light. For this reason, the tea room side has a double lattice ceiling diffuse light.
In addition, a ceiling polyhedron surfaces can be opened, causing the light to fall only in the vicinity of the host of a gathering of tea, creating a beautiful contrast between shadow and light.
In addition, a ceiling polyhedron surfaces can be opened, causing the light to fall only in the vicinity of the host of a gathering of tea, creating a beautiful contrast between shadow and light.
横河 設計 工房 KEN YOKOGAWA ARCHITECT & ASSOCIATES INC.
The wood used for the decorative alcove was taken from the house of the parents of the owner, who was originally on the same site. In this space, a rounded design was chosen. This coffee shop also serves as a guest room.
Ken Yokogawa, who designed a number of tearooms contemporaries, not only in private homes, but also in public buildings said of the modern tea room. The shape is important, but if you are overwhelmed by it, you can not do anything interesting. Rikyū is the one who established the tea ceremony with its chashitsu rallies and tea as we know them today, and its success is to be creative and innovative for its time. I think the real chashitsu modern times are those that provide Rikyū-esque spirit and creativity of contemporary living space.
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Ken Yokogawa, who designed a number of tearooms contemporaries, not only in private homes, but also in public buildings said of the modern tea room. The shape is important, but if you are overwhelmed by it, you can not do anything interesting. Rikyū is the one who established the tea ceremony with its chashitsu rallies and tea as we know them today, and its success is to be creative and innovative for its time. I think the real chashitsu modern times are those that provide Rikyū-esque spirit and creativity of contemporary living space.
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内 田 繁 Shigeru Uchida
a portable tea room that explores space-conscious
As mentioned above, the chashitsu is a space of another world . Rikyū excluded from the world by erecting walls and created with its tearooms an individual reality - a microcosm content.
However, traditional Japanese architecture consists only of a ceiling brackets and floor - not walls. Interior designer Shigeru Uchida was interested in the idea that "the appearance of the walls [enraisonde chashitsu Rikyū of ] was a revolutionary change in the Japanese architectural space ', and went directly to oppose Rikyū with a series of tea rooms with see through walls of bamboo and washi (Japanese paper). They are called Ji An (Retreat Vedanā), Gyo-An (sankhara Retreat) and So-An (samjna Retreat).
As mentioned above, the chashitsu is a space of another world . Rikyū excluded from the world by erecting walls and created with its tearooms an individual reality - a microcosm content.
However, traditional Japanese architecture consists only of a ceiling brackets and floor - not walls. Interior designer Shigeru Uchida was interested in the idea that "the appearance of the walls [enraisonde chashitsu Rikyū of ] was a revolutionary change in the Japanese architectural space ', and went directly to oppose Rikyū with a series of tea rooms with see through walls of bamboo and washi (Japanese paper). They are called Ji An (Retreat Vedanā), Gyo-An (sankhara Retreat) and So-An (samjna Retreat).
内 田 繁 Shigeru Uchida
If the walls are removed, is it possible to get the feel of the tea room space? As a way to highlight this issue, the names of tearooms are associated with three of the "five skandhas" that make up the entire human body and soul as revealed by the Buddha. These three are vedanā ( "feel" things that humanity feels) samjna ( "perception", things that mankind think) and saṅkhāra ( "formations [of the mind]" humanity does things).
Since their first exhibition in 1993, mobile tearooms were purchased by various benefactors of the arts, starting with the Conran Foundation and are used for tea gatherings at events.
Read these tips to help you embrace a less-is-more home
Since their first exhibition in 1993, mobile tearooms were purchased by various benefactors of the arts, starting with the Conran Foundation and are used for tea gatherings at events.
Read these tips to help you embrace a less-is-more home
Shuya Sato - photographer - Arata Co., Ltd.
a teahouse in a DIY tree
Chashitsu Tetsu, the fourth teahouse treetop designed by architect Terunobu Fujimori, was completed in 09 . personal chashitsu Fujimori philosophy is:
Chashitsu Tetsu, the fourth teahouse treetop designed by architect Terunobu Fujimori, was completed in 09 . personal chashitsu Fujimori philosophy is:
- Having the individual as its core, c hashitsu is the inversion large entities, such as the period of time, society and the world.
- Chashitsu explores the minimum unit at the end of critical account of the architecture in a small enclosed space with fire introduced into it.
- This architecture minimum unit at the end of basic account is a DIY project.
- for the above reasons, the exploration of chashitsu architecture is a universal challenge for humanity.
Jimmy Cohrssen Photography ジ ミ ー · コ ー ル セ ン フ ォ ト グ ラ フ ィ ー
This tea room is 4m above the ground and built in a 80-year-old Japanese cypress tree. Its copper sheets roofing and plaster walls were made with the help of friends of Fujimori in the architecture group Jōmon - in other words, it was built with the help of fans. It was erected on the site of a former primary school which now houses dozens of Somei-Yoshino cherry trees, and during the season of cherry blossoms view is here as some something of a dream.
佐野文 彦 / Fumihiko Sano
佐野文 彦 / Fumihiko Sano
teahouse as installation art
This tea room Ba Ma, is the creation of artist and architect Fumihiko Sano , who was trained in carpentry to Nakamura Sotoji Komuten, a design and construction company well-known specialist in ceremony traditional arbors tea ( sukiya ).
It was built as an installation for an art gallery in New York hosting an exhibition in Japan on prehistoric theme highlighting places where people gather and spaces that are created not with matter, but with his mind.
a wooden box placed in the middle of the gallery issues a "light that defines an intangible line to create a" space ". Four sensors measure the relationship between individuals within the space in terms of their number, distance from each other and movement, light and adjusts to accommodate the guests
With fire, people gather. Daily life is made possible, and a community emerges. In the period Jomon, it is likely that shamanic rituals were performed around the fires. Life root revolves around a centripetal nucleus of light and fire, and it is this message that is communicated in the tea ceremony, such as foster bonds with guests while boiling water on a cook and drink tea.
This tea room Ba Ma, is the creation of artist and architect Fumihiko Sano , who was trained in carpentry to Nakamura Sotoji Komuten, a design and construction company well-known specialist in ceremony traditional arbors tea ( sukiya ).
It was built as an installation for an art gallery in New York hosting an exhibition in Japan on prehistoric theme highlighting places where people gather and spaces that are created not with matter, but with his mind.
a wooden box placed in the middle of the gallery issues a "light that defines an intangible line to create a" space ". Four sensors measure the relationship between individuals within the space in terms of their number, distance from each other and movement, light and adjusts to accommodate the guests
With fire, people gather. Daily life is made possible, and a community emerges. In the period Jomon, it is likely that shamanic rituals were performed around the fires. Life root revolves around a centripetal nucleus of light and fire, and it is this message that is communicated in the tea ceremony, such as foster bonds with guests while boiling water on a cook and drink tea.
A glass tea room
As indicated previously, the chashitsu is an architectural form that was grown by the appreciation of nature and the art of the tea ceremony. A wonderful example of this concept sublimated into a large-scale work of art is the KOU-AN glass Tea House by designer Tokujin Yoshioka.
Although it is unusual not to have any hanging scrolls, flowers or tatami, Yoshioka said, "I thought to look at the true nature of Japanese culture that exists in the field of directions. This chashitsu microcosmic space causes an awareness of the present moment in nature, prompting the release of the physical domain and integration with its natural surroundings.
As indicated previously, the chashitsu is an architectural form that was grown by the appreciation of nature and the art of the tea ceremony. A wonderful example of this concept sublimated into a large-scale work of art is the KOU-AN glass Tea House by designer Tokujin Yoshioka.
Although it is unusual not to have any hanging scrolls, flowers or tatami, Yoshioka said, "I thought to look at the true nature of Japanese culture that exists in the field of directions. This chashitsu microcosmic space causes an awareness of the present moment in nature, prompting the release of the physical domain and integration with its natural surroundings.
at some point in the day, a prism effect form a rainbow . Designer Yoshioka is shown catching the light.
The concept of this work was first announced at the 2011 Venice Biennale but the work was not submitted until April 2015. in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the twinning of Kyoto and Florence, the facility was set up on cypress scene ( hinokibutai ) of the Shogunzuka Seiryuden temple, which has a breathtaking view of the city of Kyoto. The system remains on the screen. (End date of the exhibition will be announced on the websites Shogunzuka Seiryuden and Tokujin Yoshioka Design three months in advance.)
Tell us ...
Have you taken part in a Japanese tea ceremony? Share your experience in the comments below.
Tell us ...
Have you taken part in a Japanese tea ceremony? Share your experience in the comments below.
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